Today is Constitution Day in Spain – a holiday since 1978

The Spanish Constitution is the supreme law of Spain. It was adopted in December 1978, after the end of the Franco dictatorship, and has been amended several times since then. The Constitution establishes the framework for Spain’s government and political system and sets out the rights and duties of Spanish citizens.

The Constitution is divided into six main sections, known as “titles.” The first title establishes the principles and values that underpin the Constitution, including the rule of law, democracy, social justice, and the protection of fundamental rights. The second title sets out the structure and powers of the Spanish government, including the roles of the three branches of government (legislative, executive, and judicial) and the system of regional and local government.

The third title of the Constitution is devoted to the rights and duties of Spanish citizens. This includes the right to life, liberty, and security of a person; the right to education; the right to work and to form trade unions; the right to health care; and the right to participate in the political process. The Constitution also sets out the rights of specific groups, such as children, the elderly, and people with disabilities.

The fourth and fifth titles of the Constitution deal with the economy and social welfare, respectively. These sections set out the principles and values that should guide economic policy in Spain, including the protection of the environment and the promotion of social equality. They also establish the right to social security and the right to an adequate standard of living.

The final title of the Constitution is devoted to the amendment process and the transitory provisions. This section sets out the procedures for amending the Constitution, which require the approval of the majority of the members of the Spanish parliament, as well as the support of a majority of the Spanish people in a referendum. It also includes provisions for the transition from the old regime to the new democratic system established by the Constitution.

Overall, the Spanish Constitution is a fundamental document that sets out the principles and values that underpin the political and social system of Spain. It has played a crucial role in the country’s transition to democracy and continues to be an essential reference point for the protection of the rights and freedoms of Spanish citizens.